JRE #1222 – Michael Shermer

This podcast delves deep into the fascinating world of skepticism with Michael Shermer, a renowned science writer and historian of science. Prepare to be challenged as Rogan and Shermer tackle some of life’s most perplexing questions, from the existence of the universe to the enduring allure of conspiracy theories.

Major Topics

1. The Nature of Nothingness and the Existence of the Universe
   • Shermer explores the philosophical and scientific questions surrounding the concept of “nothing,” emphasizing how it differs from our everyday understanding.
   • The podcast dives into the intricate world of physics and cosmology, discussing concepts like quantum mechanics and the Big Bang theory.
   • Shermer highlights the limitations of our current understanding, acknowledging that there are still many mysteries surrounding the universe’s origins.
   • The conversation touches on the implications of the universe’s existence for our own lives, prompting reflection on meaning and purpose.
2. Debunking Pseudoscience and Supernatural Claims
   • Shermer, a self-proclaimed skeptic, dissects various pseudoscientific practices like astrology, psychic readings, and faith healing, explaining their lack of scientific validity.
   • He sheds light on common psychological phenomena like the Barnum effect, which explains why people find vague descriptions surprisingly accurate.
   • The conversation explores the historical and societal factors that contribute to the persistence of these beliefs, highlighting the role of confirmation bias and selective memory.
   • Shermer emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and evidence-based reasoning to navigate the ever-expanding realm of pseudoscience.
3. The Effectiveness of Self-Help Techniques and Motivational Strategies
   • Rogan and Shermer discuss the popular self-help movement, examining the effectiveness of techniques like goal setting, positive thinking, and overcoming negative relationships.
   • They delve into the psychology behind self-help, analyzing its potential to promote personal growth and improve quality of life.
   • The conversation addresses the limitations of self-help, acknowledging that it’s not a guaranteed solution and requires consistent effort and commitment.
   • Shermer explores the “broken windows theory,” arguing that seemingly insignificant societal signals can influence crime rates, illustrating the importance of maintaining order and social norms.
4. The Impact of Online Shopping and the Future of Brick-and-Mortar Stores
   • Rogan and Shermer discuss the transformative impact of online shopping platforms like Amazon on traditional retail businesses, highlighting the challenges faced by brick-and-mortar stores.
   • They examine the reasons behind Amazon’s success, analyzing its innovative business model and its dominance in the online marketplace.
   • The conversation explores the potential future of retail, pondering whether brick-and-mortar stores can adapt and thrive in the era of e-commerce.
   • Shermer raises concerns about the potential consequences of overpopulation and urbanization, suggesting that it can contribute to feelings of anonymity and diminished value of individual lives.
5. The Psychology of Cultural Norms and the Influence of Geography and History
   • Shermer and Rogan explore the concept of “tight” versus “loose” cultures, examining how cultural norms influence individual behavior and societal dynamics.
   • They discuss the potential role of geography and weather in shaping cultural norms, speculating on the differences between East Coast and West Coast personalities.
   • The conversation delves into the influence of immigration and historical events on national character, highlighting the impact of war guilt and societal shifts.
   • Shermer highlights the complex interplay of cultural factors, emphasizing the need for understanding and empathy in a diverse world.
6. The Controversial Case of Scientology and its Impact on Society
   • Shermer provides a detailed overview of Scientology, its history, and its core doctrines, highlighting its controversial practices and the allegations surrounding it.
   • He discusses the legal and financial strategies employed by Scientology, exploring its powerful influence in real estate and its complex relationship with the IRS.
   • The conversation delves into the recent scrutiny of Scientology, highlighting the impact of exposés, documentaries, and online critiques on public perception.
   • Shermer reflects on the enduring power of Scientology, even amidst mounting criticism, analyzing the factors contributing to its continued existence.
7. The Nature of Religion and the Search for Meaning in Life
   • Shermer challenges the conventional understanding of religion, arguing that many of its core tenets are based on unsubstantiated claims and questionable interpretations.
   • He examines the psychology behind religious belief, exploring the desire for meaning, comfort, and community that it often provides.
   • The conversation touches on the complexities of the afterlife, acknowledging the lack of definitive evidence while exploring various perspectives on death and existence beyond the physical body.
   • Shermer emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and open-mindedness in approaching religious beliefs and the search for meaning.
8. The Perils of Censorship and the Importance of Free Speech
   • Shermer and Rogan discuss the controversial case of Pete Boghossian, a professor who published hoax papers in academic journals to expose potential biases in grievance studies.
   • They explore the potential consequences of censorship on academic freedom and intellectual inquiry, highlighting the dangers of suppressing dissenting voices.
   • The conversation delves into the complexities of academic research ethics, examining the role of institutional review boards and the need for transparency and accountability.
   • Shermer advocates for a more open and critical approach to academic research, emphasizing the importance of intellectual curiosity and a willingness to challenge conventional wisdom.
9. The Google Memo Controversy and the Challenges of Discussing Gender Differences
   • Shermer analyzes the Google memo controversy, exploring the arguments made by James Damore, who argued that biological differences might contribute to gender disparities in tech fields.
   • He examines the scientific evidence regarding gender differences, highlighting the need for careful consideration and nuance in addressing this complex topic.
   • Shermer emphasizes the importance of separating factual observations from value judgments, warning against the dangers of distorting scientific data to fit ideological agendas.
   • The conversation underscores the need for respectful and open dialogue in exploring sensitive topics, advocating for a more balanced and nuanced approach.
10. The Enduring Appeal of Conspiracy Theories and Their Impact on Society
    • Shermer explains the psychology behind conspiracy theories, highlighting the human tendency to seek simple explanations for complex events.
    • He dissects the common features of conspiracy theories, including the reliance on anecdotal evidence, confirmation bias, and the desire for a sense of control.
    • The conversation examines the potential dangers of conspiracy theories, discussing their role in spreading misinformation, fostering distrust, and fueling extremism.
    • Shermer emphasizes the importance of critical thinking, evidence-based reasoning, and a healthy skepticism in evaluating information.
11. The Kennedy Assassination: A Case Study in Conspiracy Theories
    • Shermer examines the enduring fascination with the Kennedy assassination, exploring the various conspiracy theories that have emerged over the decades.
    • He analyzes the evidence presented by both conspiracy theorists and those who believe Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone, highlighting the limitations of both perspectives.
    • The conversation delves into the historical context surrounding the assassination, exploring the role of Cold War tensions, political motives, and the evolving nature of information.
    • Shermer emphasizes the importance of recognizing the complexities of historical events and the challenges of reconstructing the truth from incomplete or conflicting evidence.
12. The Role of the Media and Social Media in Shaping Public Opinion
    • Shermer and Rogan discuss the impact of the internet and social media on the way we consume and share information, highlighting the challenges of navigating misinformation and echo chambers.
    • They analyze the role of the media in shaping public opinion, exploring the potential biases and influences that can impact our understanding of events.
    • The conversation emphasizes the importance of media literacy, critical thinking, and cross-checking information from multiple sources.
    • Shermer highlights the need for a more objective and fact-based approach to news reporting, advocating for a media landscape that promotes informed and balanced discourse.
13. The Future of Humanity: Exploring the Potential for Progress and Challenges
    • Shermer and Rogan discuss the potential for advancements in science and technology to address pressing issues like aging, disease, and climate change.
    • They explore the ethical implications of these advancements, considering the potential benefits and risks associated with extending human lifespans, altering human biology, and shaping the future of our planet.
    • The conversation touches on the challenges of navigating a rapidly changing world, emphasizing the importance of adaptability, collaboration, and responsible innovation.
    • Shermer expresses optimism about the potential for progress, highlighting the enduring power of human ingenuity and the capacity for positive change.

Memorable Quotes

• “Most of us have this idea of what I mean. Oh, no. In physics, it means this other thing, like, okay.”
• “You can’t even picture being dead. So you can’t picture not existing in would be the same thing. Imagine there’s no universe.”
• “The default position, the null hypothesis, is that it’s not true until you prove otherwise, and that’s a that’s a difficult one to prove.”
• “The inspiration is like bathing. It works, but you have to do it regularly in order for it to be effective.”
• “It’s not that scientists are dogmatically close minded to the anomalies. It’s that we can’t explain everything.”